Plain-English definitions for the terms used across PSEye — every entry here is something this site actually computes or displays, not a generic finance dictionary.
A large trade in a stock (usually institutional) negotiated off the regular order book at a single agreed price, then reported separately from normal trading. PSE publishes these in its daily Quotation Report.
The minimum number of shares you can trade in one order for a given stock on the PSE, set by the exchange's board lot table based on the stock's price range — lower-priced stocks generally have a larger board lot, higher-priced stocks a smaller one. You can't buy or sell a fraction of a board lot through a regular order.
Trailing-twelve-month cash dividends per share, divided by the current price, shown as a percentage. It's backward-looking — it tells you what a share paid out over the last year, not a guaranteed future payout.
The first day a stock trades without the right to its next declared dividend. You must own the stock before this date to receive that payout — buying on or after the ex-date means the next dividend goes to the seller instead.
The peso value of shares bought by foreign investors minus the peso value sold, over a given period. Positive means foreign investors were net buyers (foreign money flowing in); negative means net sellers (flowing out). Tracked both index-wide and per-stock.
The percentage of a company's total outstanding shares that are actually available for public trading, excluding shares locked up by controlling owners, the government, or other strategic holders. A company can have a huge market cap but a tiny free float if almost all its shares are held privately.
A company's total value on the exchange: its last traded share price multiplied by its total outstanding shares. It's the standard measure of company size used to rank and compare listed companies against each other.
Share price divided by earnings per share — a common measure of how expensive a stock is relative to its profit. PSEye doesn't display this: the exchange's own company pages have a P/E Ratio field, but it's left blank in practice for every company checked, and no other free, reliable source publishes it for PSE-listed stocks. Rather than estimate or guess a number, this site leaves it out.
The Philippine Stock Exchange's main benchmark index — a weighted average of roughly 30 of the largest, most-traded companies on the exchange, used as the standard gauge of "the market" going up or down.
The industry group a listed company belongs to under PSE's own classification — Financials, Industrial, Holding Firms, Property, Services, Mining & Oil, plus equity ETFs tracked separately from the six main boards. (PSE's SME Board listing tier is excluded from sector browsing for now.)
The highest and lowest closing price a stock has recorded over the trailing year. Often used as a quick reference for how far a stock's current price sits from its recent extremes.
Volume is the number of shares that changed hands today; value (turnover) is the total peso amount those trades were worth. Value is the more useful measure for comparing activity across different stocks, since a low-priced stock can show huge share volume without much real money moving, while a high-priced stock can move a lot of money on modest volume.
A stock the PSE has temporarily halted from trading — often pending disclosure of material information, a compliance issue, or a corporate action. A suspended stock has no current trade to report, so its price shows as "N/A" rather than a stale or zero value.
The Philippine Stock Exchange trades in two sessions, Manila time (UTC+8), Monday to Friday except PSE holidays: 9:30am-12:00nn, a one-hour lunch recess with no trading, then 1:00pm-3:00pm (plus a short pre-close/no-cancel window right before the 3:00pm close). Prices shown on PSEye are end-of-day or delayed, not live ticks during those sessions.
How sensitive a stock's returns are to the overall market's — calculated as the covariance of the stock's returns with a benchmark (PSEye's reconstructed composite index), divided by the benchmark's variance. A beta above 1 means the stock tends to swing more than the market in the same direction; below 1, less; negative is rare but means it tends to move opposite the market.
How much a stock's daily returns swing around their average, expressed as an annualized percentage — the standard deviation of daily log returns, scaled up to a yearly figure. Higher volatility means bigger day-to-day price swings in either direction; it says nothing by itself about whether those swings are up or down.
How closely two stocks' (or a stock and a sector's) returns move together, on a scale from -1 (perfectly opposite) to +1 (perfectly in sync). Two stocks with high correlation tend to rise and fall together even when they're in different PSE sectors — which is exactly what PSEye's stock clusters group by, instead of by sector label.
Return earned per unit of total volatility (risk) taken, after subtracting a risk-free rate. Higher is better — it measures whether a stock's returns are compensating you enough for how much it swings, up or down alike.
Like the Sharpe ratio, but only penalizes downside volatility (losses), not upside price swings — a stock that only ever surprises to the upside scores better here than on Sharpe.
The largest peak-to-trough decline in a stock's price over the period shown — how much you'd have lost, at worst, buying at the top and holding through the bottom before any recovery.
An estimate of the worst loss a stock stayed within on a given share of trading days, based on its own historical returns rather than a theoretical model — 95% VaR means daily returns were worse than this figure on roughly 1 in 20 trading days historically.
A 0-100 momentum gauge comparing the size of a stock's recent gains to its recent losses over the last 14 trading days. Conventionally, above 70 is considered overbought and below 30 oversold — though neither guarantees a reversal is coming.
PSEye's own rule-based classification of whether the market is trending up with low volatility and shallow drawdowns (risk-on), trending down with high volatility and deep drawdowns (risk-off), or neither clearly (neutral) — derived from a reconstructed composite index, not an official PSE designation.
Groups of PSE stocks with similar volatility, beta, momentum, and market correlation, found algorithmically (k-means clustering) rather than assigned by PSE's own sector labels — two stocks in different sectors can end up in the same cluster if they actually move alike.
Investing a fixed peso amount at regular intervals (e.g. monthly) regardless of price, rather than a lump sum — buys more shares when the price is low and fewer when it's high, averaging out your entry price over time instead of betting on a single day.